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  青岛大学学报(医学版)  2022, Vol. 58 Issue (3): 321-324   DOI: 10.11712/jms.2096-5532.2022.58.090
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基金项目

国家自然科学基金面上项目(32171131);山东省自然科学基金重大基础研究项目(ZR2019ZD31)

引用本文 [复制中英文]

党晓婷, 郇雪洁, 焦倩, 等. 高表达OTUD3对C6星形胶质瘤细胞增殖的影响[J]. 青岛大学学报(医学版), 2022, 58(3): 321-324.   DOI: 10.11712/jms.2096-5532.2022.58.090
[复制中文]
DANG Xiaoting, HUAN Xuejie, JIAO Qian, et al. EFFECT OF OVEREXPRESSION OF OTUD3 ON THE PROLIFERATION OF C6 ASTROGLIOMA CELLS[J]. Journal of Qingdao University(Medical Sciences), 2022, 58(3): 321-324.   DOI: 10.11712/jms.2096-5532.2022.58.090
[复制英文]

作者简介

党晓婷(1997-),女,硕士研究生.

通讯作者

姜宏(1973-),女,博士,教授,博士生导师。E-mail:hongjiang@qdu.edu.cn.

文章历史

收稿日期:2021-11-05
修订日期:2022-03-18
高表达OTUD3对C6星形胶质瘤细胞增殖的影响
党晓婷 , 郇雪洁 , 焦倩 , 姜宏     
青岛大学国家生理学重点(培育)学科, 山东 青岛 266071
摘要目的 探究高表达OTUD3对C6星形胶质瘤细胞增殖的影响。方法 C6胶质瘤细胞转染Myc-OTUD3质粒载体48 h后,采用Western Blot方法检测OTUD3蛋白表达变化; 采用Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8)细胞增殖试剂盒和细胞克隆形成实验检测高表达OTUD3的C6胶质瘤细胞增殖改变情况。结果 转染Myc-OTUD3质粒载体48 h后,C6胶质瘤细胞OTUD3蛋白表达升高(t=3.472,P<0.01)。CCK-8和细胞克隆形成实验结果显示,高表达OTUD3的C6胶质瘤细胞增殖水平降低(F=17.326、70.345,t=3.646,P<0.05)。结论 高表达OTUD3可抑制C6星形胶质瘤细胞的增殖。
关键词星形细胞瘤    去泛素酶类    OTUD3    细胞增殖    
EFFECT OF OVEREXPRESSION OF OTUD3 ON THE PROLIFERATION OF C6 ASTROGLIOMA CELLS
DANG Xiaoting , HUAN Xuejie , JIAO Qian , JIANG Hong     
State Key Disciplines: Physiology (inIncubation), Department of Physiology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
ABSTRACT: Objective To investigate the effect of overexpression of OTUD3 on the proliferation of C6 astroglioma cells. Methods Myc-OTUD3 was transfected into C6 astroglioma cells for 48 h. Western Blot was used to determine OTUD3 protein expression changes. The Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and colony-forming assays were used to measure the impact of OTUD3 overexpression on the proliferation of C6 astroglioma cells. Results After transfection with the Myc-OTUD3 vector for 48 h, OTUD3 protein expression was significantly increased in C6 astroglioma cells (t=3.472, P < 0.01). The CCK-8 and colony-forming assays showed that high expression of OTUD3 significantly reduced the proliferation of C6 astroglioma cells (F=17.326, 70.345;t=3.646;P < 0.05). Conclusion Overexpression of OTUD3 inhibits the proliferation of C6 astroglioma cells.
KEY WORDS: astroglioma    deubiquitinating enzymes    OTUD3    cell proliferation    

胶质瘤是一种极为常见的原发性恶性颅内肿瘤,占中枢神经系统恶性肿瘤的81%[1]。目前胶质瘤的治疗方法包括手术、化疗和放疗等,但病人的中位生存期较短,预后差[2]。因此,研究胶质瘤发生发展机制对开发新的疗法有重要意义。泛素-蛋白酶体系统(UPS)是调节蛋白质最重要的体系,它通过在底物的泛素化和去泛素化之间建立动态平衡参与广泛的细胞过程的调节,如细胞周期、DNA损伤修复、凋亡、表观遗传和信号转导等[3-6]。近年来研究发现,泛素化酶和去泛素化酶参与肿瘤的发生发展,并可能成为潜在的抗癌靶点。泛素特异性蛋白酶USP39通过诱导mRNA成熟,增加含有WW结构域的转录调节子1(TAZ)的蛋白水平促进胶质瘤的发展进程[7-8]; 而敲除去泛素化酶USP8可间接靶向RNA结合蛋白SF2/ASF1,促进胶质瘤细胞的凋亡,从而应对胶质瘤复发[9]。OTUD3属于卵巢肿瘤蛋白酶(OTU)家族,也是一种去泛素化酶[10]。已有研究表明,OTUD3可能在细胞环境中参与促进或抑制肿瘤的发生[11-12]。本实验室的前期研究结果表明,与原代星形胶质细胞相比,大鼠C6星形胶质瘤细胞中的OTUD3蛋白表达显著降低[13]。为了研究OTUD3对星形胶质瘤发生的作用,本实验通过质粒转染高表达OTUD3,探究过表达OUTD3对C6星形胶质瘤细胞增殖的影响。现将结果报告如下。

1 材料与方法 1.1 实验材料

本实验所用的细胞为大鼠C6星形胶质瘤细胞系,为贴壁生长的细胞。高糖DMEM细胞培养液(以色列BI公司),胎牛血清(FBS,北京全式金生物公司),青链霉素合剂、Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8)试剂盒(北京索莱宝公司)。

1.2 实验方法 1.2.1 细胞培养

C6胶质瘤细胞接种于含体积分数0.10 FBS和体积分数0.01青链霉素合剂的高糖DMEM培养液,置于37 ℃、含体积分数0.05 CO2的培养箱中培养,待细胞密度达80%~90%时,用胰酶消化3 min,加入少量完全培养液终止消化,收集至50 mL离心管中,以1 000 r/min离心5 min,弃上清液后加入新鲜培养液,用吸管轻吹充分悬浮细胞,移至新的培养瓶中传代。

1.2.2 细胞转染

将C6胶质瘤细胞悬液按照每孔1×105个细胞的密度接种于6孔板中,24 h后,待细胞密度达70%~80%时进行转染。实验分为Myc-Vector组和Myc-OTUD3组,分别转染Myc-Vector质粒载体和Myc-OTUD3质粒载体。向Myc-Vector组的基础培养液中加入Myc-Vector质粒,Myc-OTUD3组基础培养液中加入Myc-OTUD3质粒,静置5 min后与配制好的LipofectaminTM 2000混合液混合,室温静置10~20 min。向6孔板中每孔加入1 200 μL基础培养液及300 μL质粒混合液,置于含体积分数0.05 CO2的培养箱中培养,培养4~8 h后换新培养液继续培养至48 h。

1.2.3 Western Blot检测OTUD3蛋白表达

将转染后的C6胶质瘤细胞6孔板取出,弃上清液,每孔加入100 μL细胞裂解液冰上裂解,提取细胞蛋白。每孔上样蛋白量为20 μg,以90 V恒定电压电泳,300 mA恒定电流转膜1 h,100 g/L脱脂奶粉室温封闭1.5 h。加一抗4 ℃过夜孵育,以TBST溶液清洗3次,每次10 min; 加二抗室温孵育1 h,以TBST溶液漂洗。配制ECL化学发光液进行显影。

1.2.4 CCK-8检测细胞增殖

将转染48 h的C6胶质瘤细胞悬液按每孔100 μL接种于5个96孔板,每孔细胞数目为(3~4)×103个。每日同一时间点向96孔板中加入CCK-8溶液10 μL,置培养箱中避光培养1 h,用酶标仪(美国BioTek公司)检测波长450 nm处的吸光度,连续记录5 d,绘制细胞生长曲线。

1.2.5 细胞克隆形成实验

用胰酶消化细胞后,将C6胶质瘤细胞悬液接种于6孔板中,置于37 ℃细胞培养箱中培养,2周后弃培养液,用预冷的PBS溶液缓慢冲洗,甲醇固定10 min,结晶紫染色10 min,观察结晶紫染色情况,统计着色的细胞集落数目。

1.3 统计学方法

应用SPSS 22软件进行统计学分析,计量资料以x±s表示,两组间比较采用t检验,两因素设计资料比较采用析因设计的方差分析。P<0.05认为差异具有统计学意义。

2 结果 2.1 Myc-OTUD3质粒转染后细胞内OTUD3蛋白表达水平的变化

Western Blot检测结果显示,与Myc-Vector组(0.403±0.065)相比较,Myc-OTUD3组(0.832±0.105)C6胶质瘤细胞中OTUD3蛋白表达水平明显升高(n=6,t=3.472,P<0.01)。见图 1

图 1 Western Blot检测质粒转染后细胞内OTUD3蛋白表达的变化
2.2 过表达OTUD3对C6胶质瘤细胞增殖的影响

细胞转染Myc-OTUD3质粒后,连续5 d检测450 nm波长处的吸光度,析因设计的方差分析结果显示,转染和时间存在交互效应(F=12.300,P<0.001)。进行单独效应分析结果显示,与Myc-Vector组相比,Myc-OTUD3组在转染4、5 d时的细胞增殖水平降低,差异具有统计学意义(n=6,F=17.326、70.345,P<0.001),表明细胞生长明显受到抑制。见图 2

与Myc-Vector组相比,***F=17.326、70.345,P<0.001。 图 2 过表达OTUD3对C6胶质瘤细胞增殖的影响
2.3 过表达OTUD3对C6胶质瘤细胞克隆形成能力的影响

细胞克隆形成实验结晶紫染色的结果显示,与Myc-Vector组(103.300±5.239)相比较,Myc-OTUD3组(77.670±4.702)的细胞克隆数显著降低(n=3,t=3.646,P<0.05)。见图 3

图 3 过表达OTUD3对C6胶质瘤细胞克隆形成能力的影响
3 讨论

神经胶质瘤是最具侵袭性的恶性脑肿瘤,具有较高的发病率和致死率。胶质母细胞瘤是最常见的胶质瘤组织学类型,约占胶质瘤的45%[14-15]。虽然基础研究和临床试验已进行多年,但胶质母细胞瘤仍是成年人最致命的原发性恶性脑肿瘤之一[16-17]。目前胶质母细胞瘤的标准化治疗是在可行的范围内进行手术切除,然后进行单独放疗或化疗与替莫唑胺药物联合治疗,但预后较差[18-19]。由于肿瘤组织学相同的病人预后不同,因此研究胶质瘤中不同的分子表达变化可能是开发新的有效治疗方法和提高病人生存率的有效途径。

人类基因组中总共编码90种去泛素化酶[20],OTU作为去泛素化酶的一个亚型,通过调节基因转录、细胞周期、免疫反应、炎症和肿瘤生长等,在多种生物调节过程中发挥重要作用[21-24]。含有OTU结构域的蛋白质(OTUD)是OTU的一个亚家族,OTUD3是OTU家族中的一种重要酶,由398个氨基酸组成[25]。近期的研究显示,OTUD3在癌症中发挥重要的作用,其表达下调与乳癌病人的不良预后相关,OTUD3作为一种肿瘤抑制因子通过直接去泛素化并稳定P53,促进肿瘤细胞对化疗药物的敏感性[26-27]。有研究表明,OTUD3作为肿瘤突变抑制因子人第10号染色体缺失并与张力蛋白同源的磷酸酶(PTEN,即MMAC1)的去泛素化酶,在乳癌OTUD3-PTEN轴中发挥去泛素化功能并稳定PTEN,在肿瘤抑制过程中起到重要作用[11, 28]。泛素特异性肽酶USP13能够促进卵巢癌的发展和转移[29]。此外,在肝细胞癌中OTUD3能够通过去泛素化增强α-辅肌动蛋白4(ACTN4)的稳定性,促进肝细胞癌的生长和转移[30]。尽管多项研究结果已经证明OTUD3参与癌症的进程[31-35],但目前关于OTUD3在胶质瘤特别是胶质母细胞瘤中发挥的细胞功能却少有研究。

本研究团队的前期研究结果已经证明,与正常脑组织相比,神经胶质瘤细胞中OTUD3的转录显著下调,而C6胶质瘤细胞中OTUD3的mRNA以及蛋白表达水平明显低于正常原代星形胶质细胞,且OTUD3高表达的胶质瘤病人比低表达的胶质瘤病人存活时间更长[13]。本次研究通过CCK-8和细胞克隆形成实验检测细胞增殖能力,结果表明,质粒转染高表达OTUD3可以降低C6星形胶质瘤细胞增殖水平,进一步说明了OTUD3对胶质瘤发生的作用,为靶向治疗胶质瘤提供了实验证据。

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